Archeological monuments found on the territory of the Republic of Moldova are an undeniable proof of the fact that settlement of this realm takes its roots in the hoary past. First habitats and first attestations of human presence in these regions are dating from the Stone Age (Paleolithic period): approximately 500 thousand - 10 thousand years BC. There were discovered a plenty of utensils, stone and bone-made arms, processed Ilex, etc. in the grottos and stations of the inferior Paleolithic (approximately 250 thousand - 70 thousand years BC), among which it is worth to mention the ones from Duruitoarea Veche, Ofatinti, Bobulesti and Cosauti station.

The Musterian cultures from the Middle Paleolithic (approximately 70.000 - 40.000 years BC) were identified in the neighborhood of such villages as Butesti, Buzdujeni and Trinca. The Late (superior) Paleolithic (approximately 40.000 years BC - 10.000 years BC) is represented by the archeological cultures of Moldova and Branzeni. One of the first objects that attests the appearance of arts and religious practices on the territory of the Republic of Moldova is the renowned amulet discovered in Branzeni grotto and dated approximately 35 thousand years BC. The aforementioned amulet is made of mammoth ivory and represents a "triangular" object with an oblong neck, which might be a stylization of an ichthyomorphic form. (Monument.md)